London Architecture: Queen Anne

Often, when you see a fabulous Victorian mansion, you're looking at a style called "Queen Anne." Why is it called Queen Anne when Victoria was on the throne? Well, because the style incorporated some motifs that were in style during the reign of England's Queen Anne (1712-14), which were in turn based on earlier Elizabethan and Jacobean forms. Created in Britain by architect Richard N. Shaw, the Queen Anne style spread to Canada via American architectural magazines. 

Possibly a reaction against the symmetrical Georgian style fashionable before it, the typical North American Queen Anne home has an irregular outline, turrets or towers, broad gables or pediments, projecting two-storey bays, multi-sloped roofs, and tall decorated chimneys. Often there were Palladian windows in the gables and eclectic wall surfaces. Rambling verandahs connected the home with surrounding gardens.  

Below is 536 Queens Avenue, one of the city's most imposing Queen Anne mansions. It was designed by architect George F. Durand in 1881 for Charles Murray, manager of the Federal Bank of Canada. Doesn't this home just cry out "banker?" It has two towers, one round, one square, the latter now missing its finial. Most interesting is the cross-bracing of the front gable.  The two-storey verandah and entrance porch were likely added later but don't look too out of place. 

Another fabulous mansion is at 496 Waterloo, now converted into offices. I took this photo before a 2023 fire in its attic, but the building has been repaired since. This 1893 home has updated windows but still has its arched windows, lovely corner verandah, cute balcony in the attic storey on the left, and, of course, the required tower. 

Some of the city's most spectacular mansions were built along Grand Avenue in what was then a southern suburb of London. Below is "Waverley" at 10 Grand Avenue, now a retirement home. Architect George Durand built this extravaganza from a plan by Captain Hamilton Tovey. Lawyer Charles Goodhue's dream home was built in 1882-3 on 5.5 acres on what was then called Queen Street. Durand's design called for a "light and festive look"* and I recall one London historian jokingly referring to it as Queen Anne On Steroids.** The home was further enlarged by Thomas Smallman who bought "Waverley" in 1893.

Here one sees the varied roof line, massive corbelled chimneys, gables, dormers, and towers that say "Queen Anne." The name "Waverley," taken from Goodhue's father's home on Bathurst Street, is carved above the porte cochere. Stained glass abounds and attractive woodwork decorates the eaves. Unusual for a mansion turned into an institution, the building is well preserved. 

Those of us who have been inside know that it's equally spectacular there, with carved woodwork, the Smallman family crest in a window on the stair landing, and at least one marble fireplace. The residents take their meals in the former ballroom added by Smallman.

Just to the east is "Idlewyld" at 36 Grand Ave., now a luxurious inn with fine dining. Built in 1879 by tanner Charles Smith Hyman, it's not quite as palatial as its near neighbour. But it was even simpler before Hyman hired the firm of Tracy and Durand to design an addition and alterations that cost more than the original house. The picturesque roof line and ornamented gables are part of the original Queen Anne design.

But not every Queen Anne is a mansion. 101 Cheapside Street, built about 1886, is a one-and-a-half-storey house that continues the Queen Anne theme with a broad one-storey tower on its northwest corner. The gable is shingled in a fish-scale design and the siding is of tongue-and-groove planks. High corbelled chimneys are typically Queen Anne. A former verandah at front has been enclosed. 

336 Piccadilly Street was built in 1907 for Charles Somerville. Note its substantial round central tower, large wraparound porch with Ionic columns (meaning the capital is decorated with spiral scrolls), half timbering in the gables, and Palladian window in the gable. In fact, Palladian windows became more common in the Edwardian era, even as homes became simpler.

Edwardian, or late Queen Anne, homes were usually built 1900-1915, almost always of red brick. These buildings are almost always plainer, with a simplified roofline, and sometimes symmetrical. But they usually have a prominent entrance, verandah, and classical details. Below are 410, 408 and 400 Queens, a nice Edwardian streetscape designed by local architect John Moore in early 20th century. No. 400, at the far left, was built in 1909 for Arthur McClary. Note the Palladian window in the gable and modillions, or small brackets, below the eaves of the roof and verandah. 

There's also such a thing as a Queen Anne cottage. Queen Anne cottages are similar to larger Queen Anne houses except that the style was adapted to a smaller one-storey home with an attic. This 1896 cutie on Tecumseh Avenue East has an asymmetrical design, irregular roofline, ornamented gable, decorative black string coursing, semicircular bricks over the front window, and bricks surrounding the keyhole window.

*Brackets & Bargeboards: Walks in London.  ACO London, 1989, p. 173.

** John Lutman, personal communication, probably on an ACO Geranium Heritage House Tour.

A Talbot Tour

Yes, it's that wonderful time of year again, when it's warm enough to walk through London's older neighbourhoods and soak up traditional architecture. Of course, it's the wrong time of year for photography because there's too much foliage in the way. Long walks are best in early spring and late fall when the weather's not too hot or too cold and the trees are bare, allowing a view of what's behind them.

But when you're enjoying a staycation and it's not raining, it's tempting to take an early morning walk in one of London's 'hoods, even in a summer heat wave. I toured Talbot and Ridout since it's one of London's oldest areas and offers ample food for architectural thought. Once home to many of our most prosperous citizens, it's now a mixture of older homes and apartment buildings. Many of the homes have been subdivided into apartments or converted to office space. Some look good and others not so good.

First, I noted the double houses in the area. 593-595 Talbot, an Italianate built in the 1880s, clearly had a verandah across it at one point. Note the bargeboard in those pointy gables.

Farther north is 651 Talbot, built in 1905 for C. A. Whitwam, V.P. of Hobbs Hardware, but sold soon afterwards to the McCormick family of biscuit fame. I 'm fond of the cute dormer with curved glass and cone-shaped roof. The typical Edwardian Palladian window to its right is surrounded by shingle bargeboard. Note the grand arched front entrance matching the trio of lower-floor windows at right. Also the lovely verandah with balcony above, tall chimneys on either side, and modillions (small brackets) under the roofline. This is a home that says "We're successful and proud of it." Remained in the family until about 1970. Love it.

Next door at 653 Talbot is a home of equal size and quality but built only a few years later in a very different style.  One could be forgiven for thinking it was much more recent than 1908. But this 2.5 storey red brick Georgian Revival was indeed built that year for Thomas W. Baker, lumber merchant and president of London Box Company. According to recent realtor ads, it was "gutted to the studs" and converted to a triplex in 2018. Pity about that ugly cement wall but the house still looks great. The garage is later, of course. 

Below is an example of why it's the wrong time of year to take photos. Sorry. This is a nice 2.5 storey  ca. 1868 home covered with stucco. Note the elaborate enclosed entranceway behind the trees. Not to mention the string course separating the first and second storeys. This was once the home of Josiah Blackburn's daughters, Grace and Susan, both well-known writers. Grace wrote under the name "Fanfan." Susan was the first woman to graduate from Western.**  

Besides grand mansions, I notice there are Ontario cottages in the area, some delightfully preserved. This one has a graceful curved porch and still has its (original?) finial and pendule in the gable. Built in the 1870s, it was for many years the residence and studio of  Albert Templar who often painted scenes of London. 

No. 601, next door to the above, was built in about 1873 and first occupied by David Bruce, a fire department engineer. Cute bull's-eye window in the gable. Fieldstone entrance porch likely later, ca. 1920s, replacing an earlier. Who's that peeking over the roof?

Other cottages are in good condition, but require some work:

This apartment building stands where Talbot Street School used to be. I know we need highrises and this one isn't particularly ugly but the Gothic schoolhouse with belfry built in 1892 must have been adorable. Unfortunately, it was demolished in 1981 so I never saw it.

An Italianate with the typical double brackets appears at no. 611 ...

... and it has a nice solid London Doorway. According to London Doorways by Julia Beck, published by ACO London, this home was built in 1868. The top arch, here slightly hidden by a light, touches the frame of the doorway above. The smaller matching arches over the sidelights extend to the height of the door. This style is mainly found here in London and in a few surrounding communities.

This is where Locust Mount (demolished in 2008 after a fire) used to be. There's a lot I could say about this, but most of it has already been said, ad nauseum, by others. A typical London heritage disaster.

Just along the street, though, at no. 585, is this well-preserved stately home which is not unlike L.M. It has the same symmetry, slightly projecting central portion and triangular pediment. According to an early ACO London booklet, this house was built in 1869 by Joshua Dalton, possibly from a design by William Joanes.* I have to admit this is one of my favourite buildings in the area, if not in London. An Italianate, it has the typical double brackets under its deep overhanging eaves. The windows have heavy stone semi-circular headings with ornamental keystones and stone lintels. It looks like it might have its original panelled door with sidelights and transom.  

Across the street is another example of a projecting entrance and pediment. Not quite as grand or well preserved but simple and neat. 

I also walked by First Christian Reform Church, built as Talbot Baptist Church in 1881. Constructed in the Gothic style popular at the time, it has gorgeous buff brick, red brick trim, and ten years ago had matching red doors. I couldn't get a decent picture of it today (too much sun reflecting off the glass), so I've substituted a picture I took back in 2015. It looks virtually the same as it did then anyway, except they've painted the doors black (which is OK but not as stunning). And yes, I really do like that glass addition. It totally works. 

Another lovely, simple building is 76 Albert Street, built in the Georgian style for London Free Press publisher Josiah Blackburn. Note the historic plaque. Part of the London Squash & Fitness Club property, it's well maintained by them. This is another house, by the way, that once had a verandah, now removed. While many would call the building plain, its simplicity is stately and attractive. 

According to London's Heritage Register, 618 Talbot is a Neo-Classical building from 1881. I would have thought it was much earlier, one of the earliest buildings in the area, in fact. I'm going by the oval window up in the gable which typically appears in earlier buildings. It reminds me of the doctor's house at Upper Canada Village as well as a picture you'll see if you scroll down on this page. I know they're on the other side of the province but the shape is similar. 

Over on Ridout Street, I paused at no. 565. Built in 1910 for Judge Talbot Macbeth, it has many Georgian Revival features, such as symmetry, small-paned windows and a brick string course between the first and second storeys. Unfortunately, it's now a frat house, and nobody can wreck a building like students. Windows currently boarded.

Another attractive Queen Anne residence is at no. 530 Ridout North. Built in 1903, probably for wholesale milliner John C. Green, it's almost a mirror image of the McCormick house at no. 651 Talbot. The arches on the lower windows and doors are a nod to the Romanesque Revival style. In early 20th century, this house had other mansions on either side; together, they would have made an impressive streetscape and their residents would have had a pleasant view of the Thames River. Now there's an apartment building on one side, a parking lot on the other, and the view is mainly obstructed. 

The trim in the gable of no. 472 caught my eye. At first I thought it might have been added later but now I think it's similar to the trim on the gable of the Charles Sommerville mansion shown here.

I've captured some of the best of this neighbourhood but much of it is run down and in need of sympathetic refurbishment. I say "sympathetic" because there's lots that isn't:

A close-up of the trim in the house above. Our society either does not have the materials and craftsmanship necessary to preserve an older building, can no longer afford them, or we no longer care. I suspect a combination of all three.

Then there's the fake heritage. Like when developers build a highrise with a nod to the neighbourhood's history at street level. Apparently having the lower floors in red brick is supposed to make it fit in. 

Thank goodness there's still Eldon House. I don't expect every property to be a museum, but I think we could do much better with the older homes we have left.

* The Talbot Tour. Geranium Walk IV. Sunday, June 5, 1977. ACO London.

** Brackets & Bargeboards: Walks in London. ACO London, 1989, p. 13.

The 18th Annual London Heritage Awards

On April 9, London's Heritage Awards were held at Museum London again. Sponsored by ACO London and Heritage London Foundation, the awards honour individuals and organizations who have contributed to the preservation of London's history and built heritage. As usual, I was in attendance and was especially impressed by the following:

At left is 839 Queens Avenue, built ca. 1881 in what's now called Old East Village. Owner Barb Penner received a Restoration Project Award for her work on this heritage-designated stunner. Note the intricate woodwork with stencil-cut semicircular arches surrounding the double window and the brackets on the space above the bay window below. The double-leaf front doors have carved panels. The porch handrail, spindles and flooring have been restored. And Ms. Penner even had wooden storm windows custom made to fit. Bravo!

I'm really picky when it comes to heritage restorations but, believe it or not, I wouldn't change a thing here. The result makes me feel like I've stepped back in time. The house is currently for sale, so I hope the next owner preserves it. 

I've been driving past 538 Colborne Street (right) on my way to work for years and was concerned about its dilapidated look. But thanks to Ken Madlener, this 1909 Dutch Colonial home is looking good again and has also won a Restoration Project Award. Once a family home, it's now a triplex. Many building owners wouldn't have concerned themselves with exterior restoration - but not Ken. He restored the covered front porch, rebuilt the wooden pillars and their stone bases, and restored the Juliet balcony above. Even the original leaded glass and stained-glass windows were carefully restored and reused. Once again, this building looks good from the street. 

The building at left must be one of London's greatest homes. 527 Princess Avenue, located in East Woodfield, is a gorgeous late Victorian Queen Anne mansion, built in 1899-1900 for well-known London photographer Frank Cooper. Note the imposing capped tower on one side (because what's a Queen Anne without a tower?) and the elaborate window in the front gable. There's also a second-floor balcony and beautiful detail in the gable over the front entry. A special touch is the lovely wraparound verandah, perfect for relaxing on a summer evening, sipping a cold bevie, and watching the world go by. The Small-Scale Restoration Project Award is for replacing the fish-scale pattern slate roof, copper trim and tower finial. Because details matter.

Elmwood Lawn Bowling Club, on last year's Geranium Heritage House Tour, isn't a place you'd think would receive a heritage award. But the club, founded in 1911, has received a Cultural Landscape Award, meaning the whole place is of importance, not just a building. At first a men's-only club, designed for a variety of sports, Elmwood now welcomes women (duh!) and, well, everyone plays lawn bowling. Not being coordinated enough for any sport, I'd never been here before last year's GHHT and never knew where the club was. Turns out it's tucked in behind Edward, Elmwood, Bruce, and Brighton streets in Old South. There's even a 1916 clubhouse on the lot, extensively renovated. Such a genteel oasis. 

Other awards went to individuals for their contributions to London history. A Local History Award went to artist Cheryl Radford for her illustrations of streetscapes and local architecture. Her art has appeared in personal collections, local galleries, greeting cards, and books she has co-authored about London's history. Here's one from my collection: 

ChKs Publishing, 2015

Another Local History Award went to Lorraine Tinsley for her well-researched history of London's Oxford Park neighbourhood. Which, of course, I've also got:

Oxford Park Community Association, 2024

There were other awards, recognitions, and commendations, of course, including one for Banting House, which recently underwent numerous repairs, window refurbishment, porch restoration, etc. A "Compatible Design" award went to the owners of a new house in Old South which doesn't fit too badly into the historic streetscape. Recognition also went to a renovation on Elmwood Avenue East that was on last year's Geranium Heritage House Tour. The multiplex was a definite eyesore, so the owners should be commended for removing a coating of grey stucco and repointing and cleaning the brick underneath. However, the building has been completely gutted, the former nine units turned into seven, and there are few historical vibes whatsoever. 

I'm a bit unsure about giving a heritage award to the builders of a new house, just because it looks a bit old. I'm also not thrilled about giving an award for a place with few remaining heritage features. I know why these awards were given, of course. Drive through any older neighbourhood and you'll see numerous examples of how NOT to renovate an older building. So the Awards organizers need to award any effort to preserve anything. If even the slightest consideration has been given to heritage, bless the owners' hearts. Give them an award.

A North London Estate

A London city staff report supports a property owner's bid to remove an 1870s house from the city's heritage registry. If approved, the change will allow the owner to sell the property to the London District Catholic School Board (LDSCB) for the construction of a future high school. Below is the letter I sent November 29, 2024 to Planning and Environment Committee (PEC), London City Hall:

Dear PEC members: 

Re: December 3 PEC agenda, scheduled item 3.6. Request to remove the Heritage Listed Property at 1927 Richmond Street from the Register of Cultural Heritage Resources.

I am writing to oppose de-listing, and presumably, demolishing, the home at 1927 Richmond Street.

I understand that, under provincial rules, a property must meet at least two of nine criteria for heritage designation and that a city staff report has found this house has only one.

According to the Summary of Evaluation in Part 4.5 of Stantec’s report, this house was built in the Italianate style but was renovated to add Tudor Revival elements. Row 1 of the table states that: "This blending of architectural styles does not constitute a recognizable style of a type of architecture that is particular to a group, time, or place. As a result, it cannot be considered to serve as a symbol or portrayal of Tudor Revival or Italianate architecture." Below, Row 9 of the same table states that: “The property is setback from Richmond Street and partially screened by fencing, setback, and vegetation. In addition, views within this area are heavily influenced by the brick wall part of Foxborough Chase (1890 Richmond Street) and the mid-rise apartment building at 1985 Richmond Street.”

Respectfully, I would argue the following:

· The fact that an Italianate building was converted into Tudor Revival does not decrease its historical interest and in fact increases it. This home shows how an older building can be adapted to newer needs and tastes. It has many of the defining characteristics of the Tudor Revival style, including a steep front gable roof, half timbering, tall narrow windows, and a stucco finish. I would argue that the home does indeed meet Criterion 1 for heritage designation based on these details.

· Neither the Ontario Heritage Act nor Stantec’s report appears to define what constitutes a “landmark.” The language in Row 9 suggests that the building cannot be a landmark due to fencing and vegetation; if these were removed, and the home more visible from Richmond Street, would this make it a landmark? Row 9 also references walls and apartments but surely proximity to these does not determine a structure’s landmark status either. If a building loses its significance because apartments are built next door, then the City of London should not let York Developments build a tower next to the Old Courthouse, lest the latter also be “heavily influenced” and lose its historical relevance.

· The city’s Register of Cultural Heritage Resources was prepared by architecturally and historically knowledgeable persons in years past. 1927 Richmond does not seem to have changed since being placed on the Register. I see no point in listing buildings if they can be de-listed at the whim of an owner, purchaser or a heritage consultant hired by them. This defeats the purpose of the register, to inform the city and public about our shared heritage and to recommend buildings to preserve for posterity.

· The London District Catholic School Board could easily build a school next to the home, which could be used for offices or recreation by staff and students. Alternatively, the lot could be severed and the house sold separately. The building is not deteriorating or unattractive. What a charming home it would make for a growing family.

In summary, I believe 1927 Richmond meets at least two of the criteria to merit designation under the Ontario Heritage Act. That it is surrounded by newer construction and partially hidden should be irrelevant. Please consider denying the owner’s request to de-list this property or suggest that the Catholic School Board find a way to preserve it either on or off the future school property.

Sincerely,

Jennifer Grainger

Update, December 4, 2024: PEC voted 5-0 to de-list, without discussion, despite 18 out of 22 letters written to them calling for it to be preserved. Councillors Steve Lehman, Shawn Lewis, Peter Cuddy, Elizabeth Peloza and Steven Hillier make up PEC. Clearly their minds were already made up before the committee meeting. 

Another Walk Through Woodfield

In 2021, I went on a couple of walks through Woodfield. Some of my pictures are here but recently I unearthed some more photos. I hope others enjoy these pictures of buildings in the historic neighbourhood as much as I do. If they prove anything, it's that London still has a wide variety of attractive Victorian and Edwardian housing, despite neglect. 

Below is 559 Waterloo, built for William J. Legg in 1908. The house was converted into offices for the Norwich Insurance Co. in the 1970s and now houses a dental clinic, as you can see from the sign. So what was once a residence has been tastefully converted into offices without sacrificing its warm homey look. Note that the house is well designed for its corner lot, with the tower at an angle and a wraparound porch providing views of two streets, Waterloo and Wolfe.  

Around the corner at 317 Wolfe Street is a somewhat similar house, also having arched windows, columned verandah, and angled tower. This was an earlier house built for William J. Legg, likely around 1900, possibly using the same builder or architect. 

297 Wolfe Street, over near Wellington, has a distinctive two-storey verandah on its east side. Note the cute round window on the first floor, allowing a view from the front hall. 

Nearby Princess Avenue has one of London's most priceless and irreplaceable streetscapes, filled with what I'd consider architectural treasures. Unfortunately, most of them have not been well looked after. I've discussed the two westernmost houses, scheduled for renovation, here, but below are my pics from 2017, before they were boarded up.

First, no. 300, an eclectic blend of Queen Anne and Romanesque Revival:

 And no. 306, with a lovely Palladian window in its third-floor gable and attractive wraparound verandah: 

Other pics of Princess Avenue west of Waterloo:

Three dormers capped by finials peek out of this mansion's roof. There's a spectacular rounded balcony on the second floor and a large first floor entrance verandah. Note classical details like laurel wreaths, torches, swags, dentils and brackets. Also the blue heritage designation plaque to the right of the front steps.

Lovely wood ornamentation in the gables of this white brick house, built 1896. Notice the stained glass over the main downstairs window at right.

A massive double house on the northwest corner of Princess and Waterloo:

Across Waterloo Street is the double house below, built 1874. I could also describe it as Italianate. Many Italianate features are present: low-pitched roof with wide overhang, deep cornice with ornamentation; scrolled brackets cut on an angle in keeping with the slope. The window headings are a pedimental form similar to the broken pediment on the roof line. The centre portion, jutting out a bit, has quoins on the outer edges matching the ones on the corners of the building. The cute little arched window on the third floor matches the two arched windows below with curved mullions in the arch. 

I've mentioned Princess Terrace under Terrace Housing. At its east end is an older apartment house:

Behind this is an intriguing glimpse of what appears to be an earlier building:

Notice the detail in the gables of 371 and 375 Princess Avenue. A 19th-century craftsman really went  to town on both:

Cute cottage at 537 Colborne built by marble cutter Charles Teale in 1872. The other white cottage next door to it was built by his business partner, John Screaton, in the same year. Both buildings have had alterations and additions and have been used for multiple purposes, with Teale's having been a kindergarten in the 1900s. Nice bay windows and shutters.

No. 535, Screaton's cottage. It also has a bay window, just not on the front. Porch is newer.

Just to the north on Colborne is this stately Victorian terrace with four-windowed bays, two and a half storeys in height, the end one at an angle. Pity it's looking run down, although the decay isn't too obvious in the photo below.

Around the corner on Hope Street is a smaller, earlier terrace, also looking a bit rough: 

Some wood trim on the above:

412 Dufferin, not far from Colborne, is an attractive designated building from 1907. Its roof line is broken by two attic gables (the top one hidden by foliage) and a charming tower-style dormer. The foundation stone was also used in the sills and lintels. I love the adorable oval window at the centre of the second floor. 

The house at 414 Dufferin was built for Samuel N. Sterling in 1904. It's now divided into apartments which is typical for the mansions of yesterday. While most windows have been replaced there are still some unchanged details: dentils under the eaves and verandah roof; Doric columns; a verandah pediment with bas-relief infill; Palladian windows on the second and third floors. 

The old block at 464-466 Dufferin, called "Fitzgerald Corners," was built about 1889. The name comes from James Fitzgerald who had a grocery store at no. 466 in 1890. Over the years this commercial block has been various shops and offices.* This is the Dufferin Avenue facade, showing a dormer for each side, dichromatic brick over the windows, and parapet walls:

The east side retains some ornamentation in the gable and a small verandah has its own fretwork.

The Italianate at 500 Dufferin was owned by James Duff Smith. It's hard to photograph in mid-summer due to the tall trees on the property but all you really need to see is the well-preserved cornice with lots of mouldings, brackets and pendules. And the cute critter on the verandah of the cottage next door.

Some interesting houses on nearby William Street. The Italianate at no. 481 has updated windows but note the detail in its gable and the paired brackets under the eaves connected by string moulding. 

No. 479 has a Palladian window in its front gable and a cute pedimented window above its side entrance.

No. 474 has an interesting roof line, unusual gable infill, and a very imposing chimney. 

At the northeast corner of William and Queens is one of the city's most imposing old mansions. It was designed by George F. Durand in 1881 for Charles Murray, manager of the Federal Bank of Canada. In most homes, one tower was enough but here there are two - one round, one taller and squarer. The latter is missing its finial. The two-storey verandah and entrance porch were probably added later. Most interesting is the cross-bracing of the front gable.  

Another lovely verandah facing William Street:

Those are the pictures I took that sunny day in 2021. My tour was totally random, not methodical, so much has been left out. There's lots more and I'll be walking through Woodfield again. You should too.

*Nick's Pics:

Just received from Londoner Nick Corrie:

Mac Duncan and his wife Margaret at 466 Dufferin ca. 1900. Mac and his brother Archie ran a grocery store and pharmacy inside this building in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Interior of 466 Dufferin where Mac and Archie are ready to serve customers. 

For more info on Woodfield buildings, see:

Beck, Julia & Spicer, Elizabeth, eds. Brackets & Bargeboards: Architectural Walks in London Ontario. ACO London Region Branch, 1989.

Desbarats, Peter, et al. Residential to the Core: The Woodfield Community Association. Segue Communications, 2007.